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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM082711
035-os BibID:	(cikkazonosító)e0226551 (WOS)000534249400045 (Scopus)85077021542
Első szerző:	Costea, Mihai
Cím:	The effect of gut passage by waterbirds on the seed coat and pericarp of diaspores lacking "external flesh" : evidence for widespread adaptation to endozoochory in angiosperms / Mihai Costea, Hiba El Miari, Levente Laczkó, Réka Fekete, Attila V. Molnár, Ádám Lovas-Kiss, Andy J. Green
Dátum:	2019
ISSN:	1932-6203
Megjegyzések:	The widely accepted "endozoochory syndrome" is assigned to angiosperm diaspores with a fleshy, attractive tissue and implies the existence of adaptations for protection against digestion during gut passage. This syndrome has led diaspore fleshiness to be emphasized as the exclusive indicator of endozoochory in much of the ecology and biogeography research. Crucially, however, endozoochory in nature is not limited to frugivory, and diaspores without "external flesh" are commonly dispersed, often over long distances, via birds and mammals by granivory. A key question is: are such diaspores somehow less prepared from an architectural point of view to survive gut passage than fleshy diaspores? To answer this question, we selected 11 European angiosperm taxa that fall outside the classical endozoochory syndrome yet are known to be dispersed via endozoochory. We studied their seed coat/pericarp morphology and anatomy both before and after gut passage through granivorous waterfowl, and determined their seed survival and germinability. We found no fundamental differences in the mechanical architecture of the seed coat and pericarp between these plants dispersed by granivory and others dispersed by frugivory. Neither diaspore traits per se, nor dormancy type, were strong predictors of diaspore survival or degree of damage during gut passage through granivores, or of the influence of gut passage on germinability. Among our 11 taxa, survival of gut passage is enabled by the thick cuticle of the exotesta or epicarp; one or several lignified cell layers; and diverse combinations of other architectural elements. These protection structures are ubiquitous in angiosperms, and likely to have evolved in gymnosperms. Hence, many angiosperm diaspores, dry or fleshy, may be pre-adapted to endozoochory, but with differing degrees of specialization and adaptation to dispersal mechanisms such as frugivory and granivory. Our findings underline the broad ecological importance of "non-classical endozoochory" of diaspores that lack "external flesh".
Tárgyszavak:	Természettudományok Biológiai tudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban folyóiratcikk endozoochory
Megjelenés:	Plos One. - 14 : 12 (2019), p. 1-22. -
További szerzők:	El Miari, Hiba Laczkó Levente (1992-) (biológus) Fekete Réka (1993-) (biológus) Molnár V. Attila (1969-) (biológus, botanikus) Lovas-Kiss Ádám (1991-) (biológus, botanikus) Green, Andy J.
Pályázati támogatás:	OTKA K108992 OTKA ÚNKP-19-4-DE-172 Egyéb
Internet cím:	Szerző által megadott URL DOI Intézményi repozitóriumban (DEA) tárolt változat
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