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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM065054
Első szerző:	Kovács Csilla (élelmiszerbiztonsági és minőségi mérnök)
Cím:	Endophytic fungi isolated from GTD symptomatic grapevines and testing potential biocontrol agents for treatment / Csilla Kovács, Ferenc Peles, Erzsébet Sándor
Dátum:	2015
ISSN:	1217-8950 1588-2640
Megjegyzések:	Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD), caused by different phytopathogenic fungi threaten the vineyards worldwide and are one of the most important diseases in the Hungarian vineyards as well. They are caused by several fungal pathogens and the environmental factors has probable role as well. GTD pathogens can be detected only from the woody tissues of the plants. These fungi can often be found on asymptomatic plants as well. Currently there is no adequate and environmentally friendly protection against GTD pathogens. The aim of our work was to detect the pathogenic and non-GTD pathogenic endosymbiotic fungi from the grapevines, and to search for potential biocontrol agents from the healthy, asymptomatic plants.Pure fungal cultures isolated from wood tissues were used for morphological and molecular identifications. Different endophytic and GTD pathogen fungi could be isolated from the grapevines from the Tokaj wine region between 2013 and 2014. Diplodia seriata and Diaporthe species were identified as GTD pathogen fungi from the diseased woody tissue. The presence of D. seriata pathogen was 72%, in 2013, while in 2014 it was only 48%. The Diaporthe sp. pathogens had identified in 4% and 3% in 2013 and 2014 in the diseased trunks. The identified non-GTD pathogen endophytic fungi were Alternaria sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Epicoccum sp., Fusarium sp., Botrytis and Aspergillus sp. The rate of these fungi was 72% in 2013, while in 52% in 2014.Several Trichoderma species were also isolated from the asymptomatic grapevines. Endophytic, mycoparasitic fungi, like Trichoderma species have huge potential against grapevine plant pathogens colonizing woody tissues. Testing new isolates with biocontrol potential and ability to grow under different environmental conditions may provide effective biopesticide to control GTD pathogens. The Trichoderma isolates were identified based on their ITS1,2 and tef1 marker sequences. The ten isolates belonged to three species: Trichoderma harzianum (eight isolates), Trichoderma orientalis (one isolate) and Trichoderma viride (one isolate). Their mycelial growth was determined from average colony diameters on PDA at different temperatures between 5 and 37?C. T. orientalis and one of T. harzianum isolates showed the highest growth rates within the whole temperature range, and their growth rates were especially high at 30 and 37?C. The mycoparasitic ability was tested in vitro against GTD pathogens (D. seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum). All Trichoderma overgrew the GTD pathogens, and sporulated on their colonies, therefore their Biocontrol Index was 100%. Some GTD symptomatic plants were treated with Trichoderma spore suspension in Tokaj wineyard in 2014. The treated trunks were checked monthly. The symptoms decreased on all treated samples, except one. Moreover the Trichoderma strains could be isolate again from their woody tissues 10 month following the treatment.
Tárgyszavak:	Agrártudományok Növénytermesztési és kertészeti tudományok idézhető absztrakt Endophytic fung GTD symptomatic grapevines potential biocontrol agents Treatment
Megjelenés:	Abstracts of the 17th International Congress of the Hungarian Society for Microbiology. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica. - 62 : Suppl. 1 (2015), p. 168-169. -
További szerzők:	Peles Ferenc (1979-) (mikrobiológia, élelmiszer-mikrobiológia, minőségügy) Karaffa Erzsébet Mónika (1972-) (mikrobiológus, egyetemi tanár)
Pályázati támogatás:	4.2.4.A/2-11-1-2012-0001 TÁMOP COST FA1303 Egyéb Sándor Erzsébet munkáját a Debreceni Egyetem belső kutatási pályázata támogatta Egyéb
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