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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM103824
Első szerző:	Alpek Levente
Cím:	Impacts of the international students' consumption expenditures on the national economy in Hungary, 2020 / Levente B. Alpek, Zsuzsa M. Császár, Ábel Dávid Tóth, Klára Czimre
Dátum:	2022
ISSN:	2063-9538 2064-8243
Megjegyzések:	International students have a significant impact on the national economy in numerous fields, which is first and foremost realised in the sectors directly affected by their expenditures. Further, these economic impacts have spillover effects through intersectoral relations. Their patterns are in correlation, inter alia, with the system of supplier networks, the characteristics of products and product groups, and the contributions realised in the fields required to produce goods and services. Accordingly, the effect of one consumption unit is multiplied as it ♭passes through' through these relations systems, and thus, many other sectors of the economy may also benefit from it beyond the producers and service providers directly involved. To measure these spillover effects, the present study relied on the findings of a questionnaire survey conducted among students in the academic year of 2019/2020 (n=6296 students), the input-output analysis (IOA) published by the Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO), and the multipliers calculated based on that as well as other data items of the HCSO. The results showed that in 2020, as a result of international students' consumption, 213 billion HUF worth of total output and approximately 124 billion worth of gross value-added were generated in the national economy as a whole. Moreover, student consumption also generated imports, amounting to approximately 25 billion HUF. In addition to the above dimensions, the consumption of students generated employment, and thus, income. As a consequence of the spending by the respective groups of international students, approximately 20,000 new jobs were created in the national economy as a whole, and the generated income exceeded 67 billion HUF, of which 53 billion were spent on wages and salaries. The results of the study are beneficial for all those who are affected by the presence of international students, the higher education institutions hosting them, and businesses building on their demands, and in a broad sense, the entire population of the host cities. They can also be useful for decision makers at the national, regional, and local levels.
Tárgyszavak:	Természettudományok Földtudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény hazai lapban folyóiratcikk international students ERASMUS+ Stipendium Hungaricum fee-paying students multiplier input-output analysis
Megjelenés:	Regional Statistics. - 12 : 4 (2022), p. 176-199. -
További szerzők:	M. Császár Zsuzsa Tóth Ábel Dávid Czimre Klára (1974-) (geográfus)
Internet cím:	Szerző által megadott URL DOI Intézményi repozitóriumban (DEA) tárolt változat
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