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001-es BibID:BIBFORM004763
Első szerző:Bágyi Kinga (fogszakorvos)
Cím:Efficacy of pre-operative cephalosporin prophylaxis in controlling pathogenic oral bacterial growth in comatose patients / Bagyi Kinga, Márton Ildikó, Szabó Judit, Andrási Melinda, Gáspár Attila, Varga Imre, Bognár László, Klekner Álmos
Dátum:2008
Megjegyzések:Pre-operative cephalosporin prophylaxis is routinely administered to patients in many institutes. In the case of patients with long-term endotracheal intubation, saliva that accumulates in the pharynx can flow down into the lungs. In particular, this can occur following neurosurgical procedures in comatose patients when pharyngeal and coughing reflexes are impaired. Aspiration of pathogenic bacteria from the oral cavity can in turn lead to pneumonia. In this study, the efficacy of prophylactic cephalosporins in controlling the growth of oral bacteria was investigated. Methods: At the time of induction of anaesthesia for a neurosurgical procedure, 10, 11, and 9 comatose patients received 1 g of cefazolin, 1.5 g of cefuroxime, or 2 g cefamandole, respectively. Antibiotic concentrations were measured by capillary electrophoresis in the serum and saliva at the end of the procedure. Bacteria were isolated from the same saliva samples and the MIC values for the specific cephalosporin were determined. Results: The mean concentrations of the cephalosporins in the serum exceeded the MIC values for almost every bacterium tested. However, the antibiotic concentrations were much lower in the saliva and did not reach the MIC values of 75-76% of the bacteria isolated from the same source. Conclusions: Surgical prophylaxis with cefazolin, cefuroxime, and cefamandole did not result in effective concentrations in the saliva to control the growth of pathogenic oral flora. Determination of the MIC values for bacteria isolated from the saliva can help in selecting appropriate antibiotics for the prevention of aspiration pneumonia. The simple application of capillary electrophoresis to human biological samples offers the possibility of evaluating the actual effectiveness of antibiotics that can promote optimisation of individual antibiotic therapy.
Tárgyszavak:Orvostudományok Klinikai orvostudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
cephalosporins
prophylaxisv
aspiration pneumonia
neurosurgery
egyetemen (Magyarországon) készült közlemény
Megjelenés:Journal of Medical Microbiology. - 57 : Pt1 (2008), p. 128-129. -
További szerzők:Márton Ildikó (1954-) (fogszakorvos) Szabó Judit (1963-) (szakorvos, klinikai mikrobiológus) Andrási Melinda (1979-) (gyógyszerész) Gáspár Attila (1970-) (vegyész, kémikus) Varga Imre (1960-) (tüdőgyógyász) Bognár László (1958-) (idegsebész, gyermekidegsebész) Klekner Álmos (1970-) (idegsebész)
Internet cím:elektronikus változat
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2.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM018050
Első szerző:Klekner Álmos (idegsebész)
Cím:Effectiveness of Cephalosporins in the Sputum of Patients with Nosocomial Bronchopneumonia / Klekner A., Bagyi K., Bognar L., Gaspar A., Andrasi M., Szabo J.
Dátum:2006
ISSN:0095-1137
Megjegyzések:Nosocomial bronchopneumonia is a frequent complication in patients with chronic intratracheal intubation. Despite targeted antibiotic treatment, production of abundant bronchial secretion containing pathogen bacteria often tends to be chronic, and so mortality drastically increases. This problem led to an investigation of the penetration of five cephalosporin antibiotics into the sputum. Serum and sputum were collected from 24 chronically intubated patients having purulent nosocomial bronchopneumonia treated in an intensive care unit (ICU). Patients received the following doses intravenously every 24 h: five received 70 mg/kg of body weight cefuroxime, four received 110 mg/kg cefamandole, six received 80 mg/kg ceftriaxone, four received 80 mg/kg ceftazidime, and five received 80 mg/kg cefepime. Antibiotic concentrations in the serum and sputum were evaluated by capillary electrophoresis. MICs were determined for bacteria isolated from the purulent bronchial secretions. The mean levels of the cephalosporins in the sputum did not reach the MICs for the bacteria isolated from the same samples. Ceftriaxone was the only one of the investigated five cephalosporins that had a measurable concentration in the sputum (1.4 ? 1.2 mg/liter). The low concentration of antibiotics in the purulent tracheobronchial secretion can be one of the many reasons for ineffective therapy of nosocomial bronchopneumonia in intubated patients in the ICUs. In the case of intubated or mechanically ventilated patients having chronic bronchopneumonia, determination of drug concentration in the bronchial secretion might be considered when selecting an antibiotic for treatment.
Tárgyszavak:Orvostudományok Klinikai orvostudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
egyetemen (Magyarországon) készült közlemény
Megjelenés:Journal Of Clinical Microbiology. - 44 : 9 (2006), p. 3418-3421. -
További szerzők:Bágyi Kinga (1971-) (fogszakorvos) Bognár László (1958-) (idegsebész, gyermekidegsebész) Gáspár Attila (1970-) (vegyész, kémikus) Andrási Melinda (1979-) (gyógyszerész) Szabó Judit (1963-) (szakorvos, klinikai mikrobiológus)
Internet cím:Szerző által megadott URL
DOI
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