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1.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM080901
Első szerző:Braun Mihály (vegyész, analitikus)
Cím:Using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of bulk lake sediment geochemical data to reconstruct lateglacial climate changes in the South Carpathian Mountains / M. Braun, K. Hubay, E. Magyari, D. Veres, I. Papp, M. Bálint
Dátum:2013
ISSN:1040-6182
Megjegyzések:A multi-proxy approach is widely used for reconstructing climatic change in alpine lake sediments. This study applied bulk sediment geochemistry to reconstruct lateglacial and early Holocene climatic change in a glacial lake (Lake Brazi, 1740 m a.s.l.) in the Retezat Mts. (South Carpathians, Romania). The lowermost 1 m part of a 4.9-m long sediment core, covering the period between 9950 and 15,750 cal BP, was used for high resolution bulk analysis of major elements (Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, Fe2O3, MnO, SO3). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to compare a priori classified main chemical groups. Subsamples from the core were priory ordered to "warm" and "cold" groups respectively, according to their age and evidence of cold and warm events in the record, as suggested by proxy correlation with the lateglacial event stratigraphy of North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP). The discriminant function was calculated using concentrations of Al2O3, TiO2, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, Fe2O3, and MnO after log ratio transformation. Loss-on-ignition, silicon and sulphur concentrations were not used for the discriminant analysis, but regarded as comparison proxies for checking up the validity of outputs. Sediments deposited during "cold" and "warm" events were separated significantly by the LDA function; 85.1% of the originally grouped cases were correctly classified under the LDA analysis. The calculated discriminant scores indicated four "cold" and four "warm" events. Sediments ordered into the "warm" group contained larger amounts of organic matter and sulphur, while sediment samples of the "cold" group were characterized by the overall predominance of major oxides bound into inorganic silicates. The discriminant scores showed strong correlation with the NGRIP ?18O data (r = 0.8135) and with the pollen percentage sum of trees and shrubs (r = 0.9460). Loss-on-ignition showed a somehow weaker, but still conclusive linear relationship with the discriminant scores (r = 0.7505). Discriminant analyses of bulk sediment major oxide chemical data may be a useful tool to identify the impact of climatic events upon the nature and composition of materials delivered to a lake basin.
Tárgyszavak:Természettudományok Földtudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Megjelenés:Quaternary International. - 293 (2013), p. 114-122. -
További szerzők:Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus) Veres Dániel Papp István (1980-) (vegyész) Bálint Miklós
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2.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM079872
Első szerző:Finsinger, Walter
Cím:Holocene fire-regime changes near the treeline in the Retezat Mts. (Southern Carpathians, Romania) / Finsinger Walter, Fevre Jordan, Orbán Ildikó, Pál Ilona, Vincze Ildikó, Hubay Katalin, Birks Hilary H., Braun Mihály, Tóth Mónika, Magyari Enikő K.
Dátum:2018
ISSN:1040-6182
Megjegyzések:To investigate Holocene vegetation and fire-disturbance histories in the treeline ecotone, macroscopic charcoal, plant-macrofossil, and pollen records from two lacustrine sediment records were used. Lake Lia is on the southern slope and Lake Brazi is on the northern slope of the west-east-oriented Retezat Mountain range in the Romanian Carpathians. The records were used to reconstruct Holocene fire-return intervals (FRIs) and biomass burning changes. Biomass burning was highest at both study sites during the drier and warmer early Holocene, suggesting that climate largely controlled fire occurrence. Fuel load also influenced the fire regime as shown by the rapid biomass-burning changes in relation to timberline shifts. Overall, the number of inferred fire episodes was smaller on the northern than on the southern slope. FRIs were also comparatively longer (1000?4000 years) on the northern slope where Picea abies-dominated woodlands persisted around Lake Brazi throughout the Holocene. On the southern slope, where Pinus mugo was more abundant around Lake Lia, FRIs were significantly shorter (80?1650 years). A period of frequent fire episodes occurred around 1900?1300 cal yr BP on the southern slope, when chironomid-inferred summer temperatures increased and the pollen record documents increased anthropogenic activity near the treeline. However, the forest clearance by burning to increase grazing land was subdued in comparison to other European regions.
Tárgyszavak:Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Treeline
Holocene
Carpathians
Plant macrofossils
Megjelenés:Quaternary International. - 477 (2018), p. 94-105. -
További szerzők:Fevre, Jordan Orbán Ildikó Pál Ilona Vincze Ildikó Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Birks, Hilary H. Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Tóth Mónika (1983-) Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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3.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM079873
Első szerző:Hubay Katalin (biológus, környezetkutató)
Cím:Age-depth relationship and accumulation rates in four sediment sequences from the Retezat Mts, South Carpathians (Romania) / Hubay Katalin, Molnár Mihály, Orbán Ildikó, Braun Mihály, Bíró Tamás, Magyari Enikő
Dátum:2018
ISSN:1040-6182
Megjegyzések:This study summarizes the results of radiocarbon dating and age-depth modelling in four mountain lakes (Brazi, Gales, Bucura and Lia) in the Retezat Mountains. Altogether 69 AMS 14C measurements were performed on these deposits, mostly on terrestrial plant macrofossils. In several cases, plant macrofossils, aquatic animal remains (Cladoceran eggs) and bulk sediment were measured from the same depth allowing for the comparison of various sediment components in terms of their dating potential. Age-depth models were developed using both Bayesian modelling with the BACON and smooth spline curve fitting with the CLAM software. In this study Bayesian models are applied to identify outlier 14C dates, while smooth spline models are used to model sediment accumulation age-depth relations, as these are more likely to follow natural deposition time changes of lake sediments. Changes in sediment deposition times (DT) in relation to catchment size and climate are also studied. DT varied considerably in the late glacial (LG) part of the records. The sediment sequence characterised by high deposition rates during the late glacial (DT maximum around 100?110 years cm?1) was defined by small catchment size (Lake Brazi, 6 ha; surface area: 0.5 ha). In contrast, much slower LG sediment deposition in the southern slope lake characterised by large catchment area (Lake Lia, 171 ha, 20 years cm?1), principally reflecting strong erosion in these catchment areas at times when vegetation cover was scarce. Holocene was characterised again by variable DT values, but only Lake Gales showed extreme values: 62?110 years between 10,900 and 6050 cal yr BP, followed by much slower sediment deposition in the last 6000 years (av. 29 years cm?1). Generally, sediment deposition times were largely dependent on the stability and vegetation cover of the slope in the case of high altitude deep lakes, while lower altitude, shallow lakes showed slower sediment deposition time in the early and mid-Holocene, when summer insolation was higher than today. This reflects that in these shallow lakes in-lake organic production probably increased with summer insolation, which was a significant driver in the rate of deposition.
Tárgyszavak:Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
AMS 14C dating
Glacial lake sediments
Late glacial
Holocene
Carpathians
Megjelenés:Quaternary International. - 477 (2018), p. 7-18. -
További szerzők:Molnár Mihály Orbán Ildikó Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Bíró Tamás Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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4.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM073714
Első szerző:Hubay Katalin (biológus, környezetkutató)
Cím:Holocene environmental changes as recorded in the geochemistry of glacial lake sediments from Retezat Mountains, South Carpathians / Hubay Katalin, Braun Mihály, Buczkó Krisztina, Pál Ilona, Veres Daniel, Túri Marianna, Biró Tamás, Magyari Enikő
Dátum:2018
ISSN:1040-6182
Megjegyzések:Sediment cores obtained from two deep (>15?m) glacial lakes were analyzed in context of terrestrial vegetation development and in-lake processes from the Retezat Mountains (Southern Carpathians, Romania). Only the Holocene parts were chosen for study for testing what is the connection between geochemical changes and biotas around and in the lakes. The lakes are situated at slightly different altitudes on the northern (Lake Gales, 1990 m a.s.l.) and southern slope (Lake Bucura, 2040 m a.s.l.), respectively. Changes in geochemical composition were relatively low amplitude during the studied period (10,300?1790 and 10,300?695?cal?yr BP) in both lakes, but the applicability of enrichment factor (EF) for geochemical elements and diatom ecological traits (guilds) in paleoecological reconstruction were demonstrated in this paper. The main changes have been observed at ca. 10,670?9000, 6500 and 3100?cal?yr BP in geochemistry, vegetation and siliceous algal assemblages. Catchment soil stabilization was apparent from ?9000?cal?yr BP onwards, in-lake and terrestrial productivity was the highest between 9000 and 6500?cal?yr BP and human impact became the dominant driver in both terrestrial vegetation and sediment geochemical changes and in-lake processes over the last ?3400 years in both lakes. The geochemical record displayed frequent erosional events within the Holocene. The strongest soil erosions clustered around 6500?7400 and 3200-900?cal?yr BP.
Tárgyszavak:Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
holocén
környezetváltozás
geokémia
szediment
Megjelenés:Quaternary International. - 477 (2018), p. 19-39. -
További szerzők:Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Buczkó Krisztina (1962-) (biológus) Pál Ilona Veres Dániel Túri Marianna (1988-) (geográfus-geoinformatikus) Biró Tamás Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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5.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM079875
Első szerző:Orbán Ildikó
Cím:Treeline and timberline dynamics on the northern and southern slopes of the Retezat Mountains (Romania) during the late glacial and the Holocene / Ildikó Orbán, Hilary H. Birks, Ildikó Vincze, Walter Finsinger, Ilona Pál, Elena Marinova, Gusztáv Jakab, Mihály Braun, Katalin Hubay, Tamás Bíró, Enikő K. Magyari
Dátum:2018
ISSN:1040-6182
Megjegyzések:To investigate treeline and timberline dynamics in the Retezat Mountains (Romanian Carpathians), late glacial and Holocene sediment sequences from four lakes were studied. The south and north slopes of the mountain range were compared using two lakes from the north flank (Lake Brazi, 1740 m a.s.l. and Lake Gales, 1990 m a.s.l) and two from the south flank (Lake Lia, 1910 m a.s.l. and Lake Bucura, 2040 m a.s.l.). Macrofossil and stomata analyses were performed to assess changes in the local vegetation, supplemented by pollen, charcoal and loss-on-ignition analyses. Our results show that treeline reached Lake Brazi on the northern side during the late glacial (ca. 14,000 cal yr BP) and then Lake Gales between 11,000 and 10,800 cal yr BP. During the early Holocene the upper limit of closed forest, the timberline, reached and passed Lake Brazi and has stayed above it since, but it has never reached Lake Gales at 1990 m a.s.l. The expansion of Larix decidua in the late glacialand early Holocene around Lake Brazi is unique. Stomata and macrofossils of Abies alba are also more abundant in the northern records. On the southern flank, treeline reached Lake Lia at around 12,000 cal yr BP, and was either very close to or at the elevation of Lake Bucura between ca. 8600 and 3000 cal yr BP. Timberline reached Lake Lia at ca. 8000 cal yr BP, some 3000 years after Lake Brazi, only 170 m lower on the north slope. Local fire events delayed the advance of timberline around Lake Lia in the early Holocene in a dry continental climate. The surrounding forest was dominated by Picea abies with individuals of Pinus cembra and stands of P. mugo until about 3000 cal yr BP when timberline retreated below the lake. Maximum elevation of timberline was attained between ca. 8000 and 3000 cal yr BP, after which it descended in response to climate cooling. Regional climate change appears to be the main driver of treeline dynamics, but it was modified by local climatic differences due to slope aspect. The first signs of human disturbance appeared ca. 4200 cal yr BP, when naturally open areas were used as alpine pastures. Human impact in the treeline ecotone, mainly burning and grazing, was intensified after ca. 2600 cal yr BP, contributing to the widening of the ecotone and the lowering of the timberline.
Tárgyszavak:Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Treeline
Timberline
Macrofossil analysis
Stomata analysis
Retezat mountains
Carpathians
Megjelenés:Quaternary International. - 477 (2018), p. 59-78. -
További szerzők:Birks, Hilary H. Vincze Ildikó Finsinger, Walter Pál Ilona Marinova, Elena Jakab Gusztáv Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Bíró Tamás Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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6.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM079876
Első szerző:Tóth Mónika
Cím:Limnological changes in South Carpathian glacier-formed lakes (Retezat Mountains, Romania) during the Late Glacial and the Holocene: A synthesis / Mónika Tóth, Krisztina Buczkó, András Specziár, Oliver Heiri, Mihály Braun, Katalin Hubay, Dániel Czakó, Enikő K. Magyari
Dátum:2018
ISSN:1040-6182
Megjegyzések:Remains of aquatic biota preserved in mountain lake sediments provide an excellent tool to study lake ecosystem responses to past climate change. In the PROLONG project a multi-proxy study was performed on sediments of glacier-formed lakes from the Retezat Mountains, Southern Carpathians (Romania). The studied lakes (Lake Brazi and Gales) are situated on the northern slope of the mountain at different altitudes (1740 m and 1990 m a.s.l.). Our main objectives were 1) to describe the main limnological changes in these lakes during the last ca. 15,000 years and 2) to summarize the environmental history of the studied lakes based on taxonomical and functional patterns of the biological proxies. For this synthesis we used the results of diatom and chironomid analyses, and indirect biotic and abiotic parameters, including sediment organic matter (LOI) content, geochemical element concentrations (Al, Ca, S, Sr) and biogenic silica content. Using multivariate numerical approaches we analysed changes in the assemblage structure of siliceous algae and chironomids, compared temporal patterns among proxies, examined the relationship between potential driving factors, chironomid and diatom assemblage changes and identified paleolimnological phases of the lake successions. Changes in assemblage composition and aquatic ecosystem state apparently followed summer insolation, local climatic conditions and local productivity changes driven by these. Diatom and chironomid assemblages generally changed in a similar direction and at a similar time within a lake, but differed to some extent between Lake Brazi and Gales. At both lakes the strongest variations were observed in the Late Glacial and the first half of the Holocene. The strongest Holocene assemblage changes took place in the earliest Holocene in Lake Brazi, but extended into the mid-Holocene in Lake Gales, following long-term insolation changes and climatic changes. In addition, three common zone boundaries were identified: at ca. 14,200 and at ca. 6500 cal yr BP for every records and at ca. 3100 cal yr BP for diatom records in both of the lakes and for the chironomid record of Lake Brazi. This multi-proxy synthesis provides comprehensive data that increase our understanding of the past variability of lake ecosystem functioning and biodiversity in East-Central Europe.
Tárgyszavak:Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Megjelenés:Quaternary International. - 477 (2018), p. 138-152. -
További szerzők:Buczkó Krisztina (1962-) (biológus) Specziár András Heiri, Oliver Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Czakó Dániel Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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7.

001-es BibID:BIBFORM079877
Első szerző:Veres Dániel
Cím:New chronological constraints for Middle Palaeolithic (MIS 6/5-3) cave sequences in Eastern Transylvania, Romania / Daniel Veres, Marian Cosac, Christoph Schmidt, George Murătoreanu, Ulrich Hambach, Katalin Hubay, Sabine Wulf, David Karátson
Dátum:2018
ISSN:1040-6182
Megjegyzések:The Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition is one of the crucial periods of change in the prehistory of Europe due to the full emergence, continent-wide, of modern human lithic technologies, and detrimental of Neanderthal survival. Knowledge about the transition is growing, however, the evidence for cultural and technological developments for the Middle Palaeolithic in the Carpathian ? Lower Danube Basin is still rather sparse. Here we discuss latest findings arising from a chronological investigation of Middle Palaeolithic assemblages within the Varghis karst, Eastern Transylvania, Romania. Combining our first chronological results with information from previous excavations, we can distinguish two main stages of habitation (albeit Middle Palaeolithic lithics and faunal remains appear scattered throughout the investigated profile) within the Abri 122 rock shelter. In order to augment the typological cultural considerations, we applied direct radiocarbon dating on bones and charcoal from within the occupation layers. Radiocarbon dating of bones suggests that the Middle Palaeolithic sequence is older than the upper dating limit of the method, whereas direct luminescence ages on the lowermost productive horizon and immediately above it indicate surprisingly old ages of ca. 106?141 ka (OSL ? optically stimulated) or 99?174 ka (IRSL ? infrared stimulated). Multiple-protocol dating of charcoal found within the two habitation layers produced ages >38 14C ka BP, also suggesting that the lowermost lithic-rich horizon pertains to the Middle Palaeolithic industries. Overall, the recovered lithics, currently forming one of the most significant collections for Romania, are fully consistent with two main habitation phases connected to Middle Palaeolithic cultural affinities. The occurrence of a volcanic ash layer within Ursului Cave and originating from the Ciomadul volcanic complex (Carpathians) is first reported here. Recently dated to ? ? 43 (?50) ka, it might represent an important marker horizon, providing that it is identified within other Palaeolithic cave assemblages.
Tárgyszavak:Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Middle palaeolithicVarghis karstAbri 122MIS 6/5-3Carpathian tephraRomania
Megjelenés:Quaternary International. - 485 (2018), p. 103-114. -
További szerzők:Cosac, Marian Schmidt, Christoph Murătoreanu, George Hambach, Ulrich Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Wulf, Sabine Karátson Dávid (1964- ) (földrajz-biológia tanár)
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