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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM079872
Első szerző:	Finsinger, Walter
Cím:	Holocene fire-regime changes near the treeline in the Retezat Mts. (Southern Carpathians, Romania) / Finsinger Walter, Fevre Jordan, Orbán Ildikó, Pál Ilona, Vincze Ildikó, Hubay Katalin, Birks Hilary H., Braun Mihály, Tóth Mónika, Magyari Enikő K.
Dátum:	2018
ISSN:	1040-6182
Megjegyzések:	To investigate Holocene vegetation and fire-disturbance histories in the treeline ecotone, macroscopic charcoal, plant-macrofossil, and pollen records from two lacustrine sediment records were used. Lake Lia is on the southern slope and Lake Brazi is on the northern slope of the west-east-oriented Retezat Mountain range in the Romanian Carpathians. The records were used to reconstruct Holocene fire-return intervals (FRIs) and biomass burning changes. Biomass burning was highest at both study sites during the drier and warmer early Holocene, suggesting that climate largely controlled fire occurrence. Fuel load also influenced the fire regime as shown by the rapid biomass-burning changes in relation to timberline shifts. Overall, the number of inferred fire episodes was smaller on the northern than on the southern slope. FRIs were also comparatively longer (1000?4000 years) on the northern slope where Picea abies-dominated woodlands persisted around Lake Brazi throughout the Holocene. On the southern slope, where Pinus mugo was more abundant around Lake Lia, FRIs were significantly shorter (80?1650 years). A period of frequent fire episodes occurred around 1900?1300 cal yr BP on the southern slope, when chironomid-inferred summer temperatures increased and the pollen record documents increased anthropogenic activity near the treeline. However, the forest clearance by burning to increase grazing land was subdued in comparison to other European regions.
Tárgyszavak:	Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban Treeline Holocene Carpathians Plant macrofossils
Megjelenés:	Quaternary International. - 477 (2018), p. 94-105. -
További szerzők:	Fevre, Jordan Orbán Ildikó Pál Ilona Vincze Ildikó Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Birks, Hilary H. Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Tóth Mónika (1983-) Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM079876
Első szerző:	Tóth Mónika
Cím:	Limnological changes in South Carpathian glacier-formed lakes (Retezat Mountains, Romania) during the Late Glacial and the Holocene: A synthesis / Mónika Tóth, Krisztina Buczkó, András Specziár, Oliver Heiri, Mihály Braun, Katalin Hubay, Dániel Czakó, Enikő K. Magyari
Dátum:	2018
ISSN:	1040-6182
Megjegyzések:	Remains of aquatic biota preserved in mountain lake sediments provide an excellent tool to study lake ecosystem responses to past climate change. In the PROLONG project a multi-proxy study was performed on sediments of glacier-formed lakes from the Retezat Mountains, Southern Carpathians (Romania). The studied lakes (Lake Brazi and Gales) are situated on the northern slope of the mountain at different altitudes (1740 m and 1990 m a.s.l.). Our main objectives were 1) to describe the main limnological changes in these lakes during the last ca. 15,000 years and 2) to summarize the environmental history of the studied lakes based on taxonomical and functional patterns of the biological proxies. For this synthesis we used the results of diatom and chironomid analyses, and indirect biotic and abiotic parameters, including sediment organic matter (LOI) content, geochemical element concentrations (Al, Ca, S, Sr) and biogenic silica content. Using multivariate numerical approaches we analysed changes in the assemblage structure of siliceous algae and chironomids, compared temporal patterns among proxies, examined the relationship between potential driving factors, chironomid and diatom assemblage changes and identified paleolimnological phases of the lake successions. Changes in assemblage composition and aquatic ecosystem state apparently followed summer insolation, local climatic conditions and local productivity changes driven by these. Diatom and chironomid assemblages generally changed in a similar direction and at a similar time within a lake, but differed to some extent between Lake Brazi and Gales. At both lakes the strongest variations were observed in the Late Glacial and the first half of the Holocene. The strongest Holocene assemblage changes took place in the earliest Holocene in Lake Brazi, but extended into the mid-Holocene in Lake Gales, following long-term insolation changes and climatic changes. In addition, three common zone boundaries were identified: at ca. 14,200 and at ca. 6500 cal yr BP for every records and at ca. 3100 cal yr BP for diatom records in both of the lakes and for the chironomid record of Lake Brazi. This multi-proxy synthesis provides comprehensive data that increase our understanding of the past variability of lake ecosystem functioning and biodiversity in East-Central Europe.
Tárgyszavak:	Természettudományok Környezettudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Megjelenés:	Quaternary International. - 477 (2018), p. 138-152. -
További szerzők:	Buczkó Krisztina (1962-) (biológus) Specziár András Heiri, Oliver Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Czakó Dániel Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM080859
Első szerző:	Vincze Ildikó
Cím:	Holocene treeline and timberline changes in the South Carpathians (Romania): Climatic and anthropogenic drivers on the southern slopes of the Retezat Mountains / Ildikó Vincze, Ildikó Orbán, Hilary H. Birks, Ilona Pál, Walter Finsinger, Katalin Hubay, Elena Marinova, Gusztáv Jakab, Mihály Braun, Tamás Biró, Mónika Tóth, Claudia Dănău, Iosif V. Ferencz, Enikő K. Magyari
Dátum:	2017
ISSN:	0959-6836
Megjegyzések:	Two high-altitude lake-sediment sequences (Lake Lia, 1910 m a.s.l. and Lake Bucura, 2040 m a.s.l.) from the Retezat Mountains (South Carpathians, Romania) were analysed using multi-proxy methods to study responses of treeline, timberline and alpine/subalpine vegetation to climate change and human impact during the past 16,000 years. Woody species (Pinus mugo, Pinus cembra, Picea abies and Juniperus communis) reached Lake Lia between 12,000 and 11,800 cal. yr BP, whereas P. mugo colonised the shores of Lake Bucura at 9600 cal. yr BP. Lake Lia was in the timberline ecotone between 8000 and 3200 cal. yr BP, in semi-open P. cembra and Picea abies woodland, probably mixed with P. mugo on the steeper slopes. Lake Bucura was surrounded by the upper part of the krummholz zone during the mid-Holocene. The increase in P. cembra after c. 6000 cal. yr BP around Lake Lia suggests that the composition of the timberline forest changed. The disappearance of P. cembra and Picea abies around Lake Lia at ~3000 cal. yr BP reflects descent of the timberline. A large mean July temperature decline between 3300 and 2800 cal. yr BP may have driven or at least contributed to the descent of the Picea abies?P. cembra forests. An increase in human indicator pollen types in Lake Bucura around 4200 cal. yr BP may reflect human impact in the naturally open alpine zone in the Late Bronze Age. In contrast, human impact likely appeared considerably later, around 2650 cal. yr BP (Early Iron Age) around Lake Lia in the upper subalpine zone. Human impact likely intensified after 2200 cal. yr BP at both sites that resulted in the lowering of the krummholz zone. We conclude that climate change and human impact both played an important role in the lowering of the treeline and timberline in the late-Holocene.
Tárgyszavak:	Természettudományok Földtudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban Holocene climate human impact plant macrofossils Retezat Mountains timberline treeline
Megjelenés:	Holocene. - 27 : 11 (2017), p. 1613-1630. -
További szerzők:	Orbán Ildikó Birks, Hilary H. Pál Ilona Finsinger, Walter Hubay Katalin (1985-) (biológus, környezetkutató) Marinova, Elena Jakab Gusztáv Braun Mihály (1966-) (vegyész, analitikus) Biró Tamás Tóth Mónika (1983-) Dănău, Claudia Ferencz, Iosif V. Magyari Enikő (1973-) (biológus)
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