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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM020087
Első szerző:	Harkány Tibor
Cím:	Short-term consequences of N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity in rat magnocellular nucleus basalis : effects on in vivo labelling of cholinergic neurons / T. Harkany, J. Grosche, J. Mulder, K. M. Horvath, J. Keijser, T. Hortobágyi, P. G. M. Luiten, W. Härtig
Dátum:	2001
ISSN:	0306-4522
Megjegyzések:	Cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain form one of the neuron populations that are susceptible to excitotoxic injury. Whereas neuropharmacological studies have aimed at rescuing cholinergic neurons from acute excitotoxic attacks, the short-term temporal profile of excitotoxic damage to cholinergic nerve cells remains largely elusive. The effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) infusion on cytochemical markers of cholinergic neurons in rat magnocellular nucleus basalis were therefore determined 4, 24 and 48 h post-lesion. Additionally, the influence of excitotoxic damage on the efficacy of in vivo labelling of cholinergic neurons with carbocyanine 3-192IgG was investigated. Carbocyanine 3-192IgG was unilaterally injected in the lateral ventricle. Twenty-four hours later, NMDA (60 nM/microl) was infused in the right magnocellular nucleus basalis, while control lesions were performed contralaterally. Triple immunofluorescence labelling for carbocyanine 3-192IgG, NMDA receptor 2A and B subunits and choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT) was employed to determine temporal changes in NMDA receptor immunoreactivity on cholinergic neurons. The extent of neuronal degeneration was studied by staining with Fluoro-Jade. Moreover, changes in the numbers of ChAT or p75 low-affinity neurotrophin receptor immunoreactive neurons, and the degree of their co-labelling with carbocyanine 3-192IgG were determined in basal forebrain nuclei. The effects of NMDA-induced lesions on cortical projections of cholinergic nucleus basalis neurons were studied by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry. Characteristic signs of cellular damage, as indicated by decreased immunoreactivity for NMDA receptors, ChAT and p75 low-affinity neurotrophin receptors, were already detected at the shortest post-lesion interval investigated. Fluoro-Jade at 4 h post-lesion only labelled the core of the excitotoxic lesion. Longer survival led to enhanced Fluoro-Jade staining, and to the decline of ChAT immunoreactivity reaching a maximum 24 h post-surgery. Significant loss of p75 low-affinity neurotrophin receptor immunoreactivity and of cortical AChE-positive projections only became apparent 48 h post-lesion. Carbocyanine 3-192IgG labelling in the ipsilateral basal forebrain exceeded that of the contralateral hemisphere at all time points investigated and progressively declined in the damaged magnocellular nucleus basalis up to 48 h after NMDA infusion. The present study indicates that excitotoxic lesion-induced alteration of cholinergic neuronal markers is a rapid and gradual process reaching its maximum 24 h post-surgery. Furthermore, in vivo labelling of cholinergic neurons may be applied to indicate neuronal survival under pathological conditions, and enable to follow their degeneration process under a variety of experimental conditions.
Tárgyszavak:	Orvostudományok Elméleti orvostudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Megjelenés:	Neuroscience. - 108 : 4 (2001), p. 611-627. -
További szerzők:	Grosche, Jens Mulder, Jan Horváth Katalin M. Keijser, J. Hortobágyi Tibor (1965-) (patológus) Luiten, Paul G. M. Härtig, Wolfgang
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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM020073
Első szerző:	Harkány Tibor
Cím:	Distinct subsets of nucleus basalis neurons exhibit similar sensitivity to excitotoxicity / Tibor Harkany, Csaba Varga, Jens Grosche, Jan Mulder, Paul G. M. Luiten, Tibor Hortobágyi, Botond Penke, Wolfgang Härtig
Dátum:	2002
ISSN:	0959-4965
Megjegyzések:	Excitotoxic lesions in the magnocellular nucleus basalis (MBN) lead to a significant damage of cholinergic neurons concomitant with increased amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression in the cerebral cortex. However, the sensitivity of non-cholinergic neurons to excitotoxicity, and changes of APP expression in the damaged MBN are still elusive. Hence, we performed multiple-labeling immunocytochemistry for choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT), neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) and APP 4, 24, and 48 h after NMDA infusion in the MBN. Whereas all cholinergic neurons were immunoreactive for NeuN, this neuronal marker also labeled a population of ChAT-immunonegative non-cholinergic neurons. Both neuron populations exhibited a similar degree of sensitivity to NMDA excitotoxicity that became evident as early as 4 h post-lesion. Cholinergic MBN neurons showed abundant APP immunoreactivity (approximately 90%), while only a fraction (approximately 20-30%) of non-cholinergic neurons expressed the protein. Remarkably, cholinergic but not non-cholinergic neurons retained their APP immunoreactivity after NMDA infusion. In conclusion, cholinergic MBN neurons are not preferentially sensitive to short-term excitotoxicity, but are one of the major sources of APP in the basal forebrain.
Tárgyszavak:	Orvostudományok Elméleti orvostudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Megjelenés:	Neuroreport. - 13 : 6 (2002), p. 767-772. -
További szerzők:	Varga Csaba (orvos) Grosche, Jens Mulder, Jan Luiten, Paul G. M. Hortobágyi Tibor (1965-) (patológus) Penke Botond Härtig, Wolfgang
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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM020100
Első szerző:	Härtig, Wolfgang
Cím:	Functional recovery of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons under disease conditions : old problems, new solutions? / Wolfgang Härtig, Andreas Bauer, Kurt Brauer, Jens Grosche, Tibor Hortobágyi, Botond Penke, Reinhard Schliebs, Tibor Harkany
Dátum:	2002
Megjegyzések:	Recognition of the involvement of cholinergic neurons in the modulation of cognitive functions and their severe dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, initiated immense research efforts aimed at unveiling the anatomical organization and cellular characteristics of the basal forebrain (BFB) cholinergic system. Concomitant with our unfolding knowledge about the structural and functional complexity of the BFB cholinergic projection system, multiple pharmacological strategies were introduced to rescue cholinergic nerve cells from noxious attacks; however, a therapeutic breakthrough is still awaited. In this review, we collected recent findings that significantly contributed to our better understanding of cholinergic functions under disease conditions, and to the design of effective means to restore lost or damaged cholinergic functions. To this end, we first provide a brief survey of the neuroanatomical organization of BFB nuclei with emphasis on major evolutionary differences among mammalian species, in particular rodents and primates, and discuss limitations of the translation of experimental data to human therapeutic applications. Subsequently, we summarize the involvement of cholinergic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of severe neurological conditions, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, virus encephalitis and Alzheimer's disease, and emphasize the critical role of pro-inflammatory cytokines as common mediators of cholinergic neuronal damage. Moreover, we review leading functional concepts on the limited recovery of cholinergic neurons and their impaired plastic re-modeling, as well as on the hampered interplay of the ascending cholinergic and monoaminergic projection systems under neurodegenerative conditions. In addition, recent advances in the dynamic labeling of living cholinergic neurons by fluorochromated antibodies, referred to as in vivo labeling, and novel neuroimaging approaches as potential diagnostic tools of progressive cholinergic decline are surveyed. Finally, the potential of cell replacement strategies using embryonic and adult stem cells, and multipotent neural progenitors, as a means to recover damaged cholinergic functions, is discussed.
Tárgyszavak:	Orvostudományok Elméleti orvostudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Megjelenés:	Reviews in the Neurosciences. - 13 : 2 (2002), p. 95-165. -
További szerzők:	Bauer, Andreas Brauer, Kurt Grosche, Jens Hortobágyi Tibor (1965-) (patológus) Penke Botond Schliebs, Reinhard Harkány Tibor
Internet cím:	Intézményi repozitóriumban (DEA) tárolt változat
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