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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM059184
Első szerző:	László Zoltán (biokémikus, molekuláris biológus)
Cím:	Predation on Rose Galls : Parasitoids and Predators Determine Gall Size through Directional Selection / Zoltán László, Katalin Sólyom, Hunor Prázsmári, Zoltán Barta, Béla Tóthmérész
Dátum:	2014
ISSN:	1932-6203
Megjegyzések:	Both predators and parasitoids can have significant effects on species' life history traits, such as longevity or clutch size. In the case of gall inducers, sporadically there is evidence to suggest that both vertebrate predation and insect parasitoid attack may shape the optimal gall size. While the effects of parasitoids have been studied in detail, the influence of vertebrate predation is less well-investigated. To better understand this aspect of gall size evolution, we studied vertebrate predation on galls of Diplolepis rosae on rose (Rosa canina) shrubs. We measured predation frequency, predation incidence, and predation rate in a large-scale observational field study, as well as an experimental field study. Our combined results suggest that, similarly to parasitoids, vertebrate predation makes a considerable contribution to mortality of gall inducer larvae. On the other hand, its influence on gall size is in direct contrast to the effect of parasitoids, as frequency of vertebrate predation increases with gall size. This suggests that the balance between predation and parasitoid attack shapes the optimal size of D. rosae galls.
Tárgyszavak:	Természettudományok Biológiai tudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban BINOMINALS BIRDS FORESTS PREDATION INSECTS PARASITISM SHRUBS VERTEBRATES
Megjelenés:	Plos One. - 9 : 6 (2014), p. e99806-. -
További szerzők:	Sólyom Katalin Prázsmári Hunor Barta Zoltán (1967-) (biológus, zoológus) Tóthmérész Béla (1960-) (ökológus)
Pályázati támogatás:	K75696 OTKA
Internet cím:	Szerző által megadott URL DOI Intézményi repozitóriumban (DEA) tárolt változat
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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM059191
Első szerző:	Török Péter (biológus-ökológus)
Cím:	Traditional Cattle Grazing in a Mosaic Alkali Landscape : Effects on Grassland Biodiversity along a Moisture Gradient / Péter Török, Orsolya Valkó, Balázs Deák , András Kelemen, Béla Tóthmérész
Dátum:	2014
ISSN:	1932-6203
Megjegyzések:	Extensively managed pastures are of crucial importance in sustaining biodiversity both in local- and landscape-level. Thus, re-introduction of traditional grazing management is a crucial issue in grassland conservation actions worldwide. Traditional grazing with robust cattle breeds in low stocking rates is considered to be especially useful to mimic natural grazing regimes, but well documented case-studies are surprisingly rare on this topic. Our goal was to evaluate the effectiveness of traditional Hungarian Grey cattle grazing as a conservation action in a mosaic alkali landscape. We asked the following questions: (i) How does cattle grazing affect species composition and diversity of the grasslands? (ii) What are the effects of grazing on short-lived and perennial noxious species? (iii) Are there distinct effects of grazing in dry-, mesophilous- and wet grassland types? Vegetation of fenced and grazed plots in a 200-ha sized habitat complex (secondary dry grasslands and pristine mesophilous- and wet alkali grasslands) was sampled from 2006?2009 in East-Hungary. We found higher diversity scores in grazed plots compared to fenced ones in mesophilous- and wet grasslands. Higher cover of noxious species was typical in fenced plots compared to their grazed counterparts in the last year in every studied grassland type. We found an increasing effect of grazing from the dry- towards the wet grassland types. The year-to-year differences also followed similar pattern: the site-dependent effects were the lowest in the dry grassland and an increasing effect was detected along the moisture gradient. We found that extensive Hungarian Grey cattle grazing is an effective tool to suppress noxious species and to create a mosaic vegetation structure, which enables to maintain high species richness in the landscape. Hungarian Grey cattle can feed in open habitats along long moisture gradient, thus in highly mosaic landscapes this breed can be the most suitable livestock type.
Tárgyszavak:	Természettudományok Biológiai tudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény külföldi lapban
Megjelenés:	Plos One. - 9 : 5 (2014), p. e97095-. -
További szerzők:	Valkó Orsolya (1985-) (biológus) Deák Balázs (1978-) (biológus) Kelemen András (1986-) (biológus-ökológus) Tóthmérész Béla (1960-) (ökológus)
Internet cím:	Szerző által megadott URL DOI Intézményi repozitóriumban (DEA) tárolt változat
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