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001-es BibID:	BIBFORM019654
Első szerző:	Tóth Ferenc, D. (mikrobiológus, élettanász)
Cím:	Vertical Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus / D. Tóth Ferenc, Bácsi Attila, Beck Zoltán, Szabó Judit
Dátum:	2001
Megjegyzések:	Sensitive detection methods, such as DNA PCR and RNA PCR suggest that vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurs at three major time periods; in utero, around the time of birth, and postpartum as a result of breastfeeding (Fig. 1). Detection of proviral DNA in infant's blood at birth suggests that transmission occurred prior to delivery. A working definition for time of infection is that HIV detection by DNA PCR in the first 48 h of life indicates in utero transmission, while peripartum transmission is considered if DNA PCR is negative the first 48 h, but then it is positive 7 or more days later [1]. Generally, in the breastfeeding population, breast milk transmission is thought to occur if virus is not detected by PCR at 3-5 months of life but is detected thereafter within the breastfeeding period [2]. Using these definitions and guidelines, studies has suggested that in developed countries the majority, or two thirds of vertical transmission occur peripartum, and one-third in utero [3-6]. The low rate of breastfeeding transmission is due to the practice of advising known HIV-positive mothers not to feed breast milk. However, since the implementation of antiretroviral treatment in prophylaxis of HIV-positive mothers, some studies have suggested that in utero infection accounts for a larger percentage of vertical transmissions [7]. In developing countries, although the majority of infections occurs also peripartum, a significant percentage, 10-17%, is thought to be due to breastfeeding [2, 8, 9].
Tárgyszavak:	Orvostudományok Elméleti orvostudományok idegen nyelvű folyóiratközlemény hazai lapban egyetemen (Magyarországon) készült közlemény
Megjelenés:	Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica. - 48 : 3-4 (2001), p. 413-427. -
További szerzők:	Bácsi Attila (1967-) (immunológus) Beck Zoltán (1970-) (molekuláris biológus, mikrobiológus) Szabó Judit (1963-) (szakorvos, klinikai mikrobiológus)
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